How to Become an Accountant

Accountant working on a messy desk wearing a blazer
April 20, 2023
Contents

”Rohan

Reviewed by:

Rohan Jotwani

Former Admissions Committee Member, Columbia University

Reviewed: 04/20/23

Numbers, spreadsheets, financial reports, and tax returns—if any of these pique your interest, read on to learn more about the field of accounting!

Albert Einstein is regarded as one of the most intelligent men the world has seen. He was a brilliant theoretical physicist who developed the theory of relativity and published hundreds of complex scientific papers that would have most readers scratching their heads. 

There was, however, one topic that even Albert Einstein struggled with—income tax. In fact, Albert Einstein was quoted saying that it's “the hardest thing in the world to understand…” It’s a sentiment many of us can agree with!

But, if you are someone who disagrees, or is intrigued to thoroughly understand this subject that confounded one of the world’s greatest geniuses, you may want to consider a career as an accountant! This guide will explain how to become an accountant, what their roles entail, and career outlook.

Steps to Becoming an Accountant

As you learn more about this profession, you may be wondering “how long does it take to become an accountant?” Preparing accurate financial reports requires a high level of knowledge and skill. 

If accountants make the wrong calculations or file inaccurate taxes, people can end up missing out deductions and credits, owe more money to the IRS, or face financial penalties. To avoid this, accountants spend at least four to five years in training to be adequately prepared for the field. Here are the steps involved in this training:

Step One: Obtain a Bachelor’s Degree

The first step to becoming an accountant is getting into college. You will need to obtain a Bachelor’s degree in accounting or business. Accounting degrees are generally preferred because they provide students with more targeted foundational skills and knowledge.

These programs typically take four years to complete. Considering many accountants are CPA certified, students tend to opt for combined accounting degrees that include both a bachelor’s and master's in accounting. 

This program takes five years to complete and provides students with the necessary credits to sit for their CPA exam, which we will discuss further in this guide. 

Step Two: Join Internships or Co-ops

While students complete their education they should pursue accounting internships to begin gaining experience in the field and honing the skills required to thrive in it. These internships will enable you to expand your network and build professional connections that can help you secure a full-time position. 

Your internship can also turn into full-time employment if you prove you’re an asset to the team! 

Step Three: Consider Getting CPA Licensed

While not all accountants are Certified Public Accountants (CPAs), these professionals have more expertise and are able to perform more complex duties than regular accountants. Accordingly, CPAs are more marketable and sought after by employers.

Depending on the state you live in, you will have to meet certain requirements to become CPA certified. Most states require candidates to have 150 semester hours of education. Typical four-year bachelor’s degrees are only 120 semester hours. 

While the most popular way for students to receive the extra 30 credits is to enroll in a five-year professional accounting program that combines a Bachelor’s and Master’s degree in accounting, there are other ways to meet this requirement:

  • Combining an undergraduate accounting degree with a master’s degree at the same school or a different one
  • Combining an undergraduate degree in a different discipline with a master’s in accounting or an MBA with a concentration in accounting

On top of these educational requirements, students must pass an exam which involves four sections:

  • Auditing and attestation
  • Business environment and concepts
  • Financial accounting and reporting
  • Regulation

This exam is known to be rigorous and challenging! Students are recommended to study at least 300–400 hours to prepare for it. To officially gain their CPA designation, accountants must also have at least two years of public accounting experience. The majority of accountants are actively employed as they study for and write the CPA.

Step Four: Consider Other Certifications

Becoming a CPA might not be the best path for you. Depending on your goals and areas of expertise, other accounting certifications may be more useful for you. These certifications can help enhance your career and get promotions and raises.

Here are some of the best accounting certifications:

  • Certified Financial Analyst (CFA): to train and prepare professionals for a career in finances and investing, particularly on Wall Street or for investment funds
  • Certified Management Analyst (CMA): designed for accountants interested in management and executive level roles for mainly private companies such as the Fortune 500 
  • Enrolled Agent (EA): a credential given through the IRS to demonstrate one’s knowledge in US tax code and its applications, best for those trying to outsmart Einstein!
  • Certified Internal Audit (CIA): strictly for compliance officers and auditors that typically work in large companies 
  • Certified Information Systems Auditor (CISA): for professionals working in information systems, with emphasis on control, security, and auditing
  • Certified Accounts Payable Specialist (CAPS): to educate professionals on the Accounts Payable process so they can become more risk aware 

It is not uncommon for accountants to hold several certifications over the course of their career. As you gain more experience in accounting, your interests may shift or you may want to gain more comprehensive training to qualify for more jobs!

What Does An Accountant Do?

Understanding how to become an accountant is one part of a three part equation. The second part is exploring their roles so that you have a realistic idea of what your day-to-day life will look like in this field. 

The main tasks accountants are responsible for include:

  • Preparing and maintaining financial reports
  • Ensuring the accuracy of documents and their compliance with relevant regulations and laws
  • Preparing tax returns and ensuring taxes are paid on time and accurately
  • Offering guidance on cost reduction, risk management, revenue enhancement, and profit maximization
  • Evaluating financial operations to identify and help rectify any issues, to recommend best practices, and finding ways to help organizations run more efficiently
  • Maintaining accurate records of money that enters and leaves organizations
  • Maintaining informations systems for financial data
  • Processing payroll and financial statements
  • Conducting forecasting and risk analysis assessments

Since accounting is such a vast field, there are several specialties accountants can choose to center their career around:

  • Cost Accountants: professionals that evaluate operational costs to assist companies increase their profits
  • Tax Accountants: professionals that help individuals and businesses with their taxes by preparing documents, advising on tax strategies, and identifying tax credits and deductions while considering all relevant regulations
  • Staff Accountants: professionals that take on various roles within a corporation, including recordkeeping, accounting duties, processing payroll, and preparing financial statements
  • Managerial Accountants: professionals that analyze and interpret a company’s financial data so they can help shape the best financial strategy and operational decisions

Some accountants may choose to work in a particular sector, such as health, business, nonprofits, tech, or government organizations.

What Skills Do You Need to Be An Accountant?

Honing the following skills will not only ensure you’re prepared to be an accountant, but that you can be the most efficient and marketable accountant possible:

  • Attention to detail: to ensure financial statement, reports, and tax documents are accurate and comply with company, local, state, and federal regulations
  • Analytical thinking: to effectively analyze risk and predict and financial concerns 
  • Communication: to coordinate with other team members on projects and to explain complex reports to clients
  • Software savvy: accountants use various softwares to perform their job
  • Mathematically inclined: excellent math skills are required to prepare and analyze financial statements
  • Organization: to keep record of all financial information so that it is easily accessible 

If you possess these skills and are willing to continue enhancing them throughout your education and career, you will be set for a prosperous career in accountancy!

Accountant Salary and Job Outlook

The final part of the accounting equation is your career outlook! Considering the field of accounting is diverse and relevant to almost every sector, accountants are in steady demand. The job market for these professionals is expected to increase around 6% by 2030, with thousands of new job openings each year.

Your next question might be, “how much do accountants make?” and we have the answer! On average, accountants make $77,250 a year, but their salary tends to increase with their experience.

FAQs: How to Become an Accountant

While we’ve covered the basics of how to become an accountant, you may still have some questions about this field! To answer these inquiries, here are the most frequently asked questions about becoming an accountant:

1. How Long Does It Take to Become An Accountant?

The time it takes to become an accountant depends on the educational path you choose. For instance, if you choose to complete an undergrad and then a master’s degree separately, it will take you six years to become an accountant. This is excluding the time you’ll spend interning before you can independently practice accountancy. 

On the other hand, if you complete a professional accounting program that combines an undergrad and Master’s, it will only take five years to become an accountant. These two options are most common, because they allow you to meet the educational requirements to become a CPA.

For students that do not plan on becoming CPAs, a four-year Bachelor’s degree in accounting can suffice to join the field. 

2. What Qualifications Do You Need to Become An Accountant 

At the minimum, you will need a Bachelor’s degree in accounting or business and some field experience to become an accountant.

3. How Much Do Accountants Make?

Accountants make around $77,000 a year on average. However, the top 10% of accountants make upwards of $130,000.

4. How Do I Start an Accounting Career?

To start your accounting career, you will first need to obtain the necessary education. Depending on whether or not you want to become a CPA, this will take four to six years. Once you have gained the necessary training, you will have to apply it by gaining experience in the field.

5. What Is the Fastest Way to Become an Accountant?

CPAs are the most sought after accountants, so the fastest way to enter the field and become an accountant is to complete a professional, five-year accounting program that will ensure you meet the education requirements to write your CPA exam. 

You should also pursue internship or co-op experience while you’re completing your education so that you can enter the field as soon as you graduate.

6. How Can I Prepare For an Accounting Career In High School?

The best way to prepare for a career in accounting while you’re in high school is to take IB or AP classes in mathematics and economics, and participate in useful extracurriculars, like DECA, to develop your business and finance skills.

Final Thoughts

Apparently, it does take a genius to understand taxes—just not Albert Einstein. If you’re prepared to complete the extensive curriculums and potentially certifications to join this field, becoming an accountant may be the perfect career for you! 

There is significant room for growth in this company, and your opportunities will only increase as you gain more experience and expertise as an accountant!

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Steps to Becoming an AccountantWhat Does an Accountant Do?What Skills Do You Need to Be an Accountant?Accountant Salary and Job OutlookFAQs: How to Become an Accountant

”Rohan

Reviewed by:

Rohan Jotwani

Former Admissions Committee Member, Columbia University

Reviewed: 04/20/23

Numbers, spreadsheets, financial reports, and tax returns—if any of these pique your interest, read on to learn more about the field of accounting!

Albert Einstein is regarded as one of the most intelligent men the world has seen. He was a brilliant theoretical physicist who developed the theory of relativity and published hundreds of complex scientific papers that would have most readers scratching their heads. 

There was, however, one topic that even Albert Einstein struggled with—income tax. In fact, Albert Einstein was quoted saying that it's “the hardest thing in the world to understand…” It’s a sentiment many of us can agree with!

But, if you are someone who disagrees, or is intrigued to thoroughly understand this subject that confounded one of the world’s greatest geniuses, you may want to consider a career as an accountant! This guide will explain how to become an accountant, what their roles entail, and career outlook.

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Steps to Becoming an Accountant

As you learn more about this profession, you may be wondering “how long does it take to become an accountant?” Preparing accurate financial reports requires a high level of knowledge and skill. 

If accountants make the wrong calculations or file inaccurate taxes, people can end up missing out deductions and credits, owe more money to the IRS, or face financial penalties. To avoid this, accountants spend at least four to five years in training to be adequately prepared for the field. Here are the steps involved in this training:

Step One: Obtain a Bachelor’s Degree

The first step to becoming an accountant is getting into college. You will need to obtain a Bachelor’s degree in accounting or business. Accounting degrees are generally preferred because they provide students with more targeted foundational skills and knowledge.

These programs typically take four years to complete. Considering many accountants are CPA certified, students tend to opt for combined accounting degrees that include both a bachelor’s and master's in accounting. 

This program takes five years to complete and provides students with the necessary credits to sit for their CPA exam, which we will discuss further in this guide. 

Step Two: Join Internships or Co-ops

While students complete their education they should pursue accounting internships to begin gaining experience in the field and honing the skills required to thrive in it. These internships will enable you to expand your network and build professional connections that can help you secure a full-time position. 

Your internship can also turn into full-time employment if you prove you’re an asset to the team! 

Step Three: Consider Getting CPA Licensed

While not all accountants are Certified Public Accountants (CPAs), these professionals have more expertise and are able to perform more complex duties than regular accountants. Accordingly, CPAs are more marketable and sought after by employers.

Depending on the state you live in, you will have to meet certain requirements to become CPA certified. Most states require candidates to have 150 semester hours of education. Typical four-year bachelor’s degrees are only 120 semester hours. 

While the most popular way for students to receive the extra 30 credits is to enroll in a five-year professional accounting program that combines a Bachelor’s and Master’s degree in accounting, there are other ways to meet this requirement:

On top of these educational requirements, students must pass an exam which involves four sections:

This exam is known to be rigorous and challenging! Students are recommended to study at least 300–400 hours to prepare for it. To officially gain their CPA designation, accountants must also have at least two years of public accounting experience. The majority of accountants are actively employed as they study for and write the CPA.

Step Four: Consider Other Certifications

Becoming a CPA might not be the best path for you. Depending on your goals and areas of expertise, other accounting certifications may be more useful for you. These certifications can help enhance your career and get promotions and raises.

Here are some of the best accounting certifications:

It is not uncommon for accountants to hold several certifications over the course of their career. As you gain more experience in accounting, your interests may shift or you may want to gain more comprehensive training to qualify for more jobs!

What Does An Accountant Do?

Understanding how to become an accountant is one part of a three part equation. The second part is exploring their roles so that you have a realistic idea of what your day-to-day life will look like in this field. 

The main tasks accountants are responsible for include:

Since accounting is such a vast field, there are several specialties accountants can choose to center their career around:

Some accountants may choose to work in a particular sector, such as health, business, nonprofits, tech, or government organizations.

What Skills Do You Need to Be An Accountant?

Honing the following skills will not only ensure you’re prepared to be an accountant, but that you can be the most efficient and marketable accountant possible:

If you possess these skills and are willing to continue enhancing them throughout your education and career, you will be set for a prosperous career in accountancy!

Accountant Salary and Job Outlook

The final part of the accounting equation is your career outlook! Considering the field of accounting is diverse and relevant to almost every sector, accountants are in steady demand. The job market for these professionals is expected to increase around 6% by 2030, with thousands of new job openings each year.

Your next question might be, “how much do accountants make?” and we have the answer! On average, accountants make $77,250 a year, but their salary tends to increase with their experience.

FAQs: How to Become an Accountant

While we’ve covered the basics of how to become an accountant, you may still have some questions about this field! To answer these inquiries, here are the most frequently asked questions about becoming an accountant:

1. How Long Does It Take to Become An Accountant?

The time it takes to become an accountant depends on the educational path you choose. For instance, if you choose to complete an undergrad and then a master’s degree separately, it will take you six years to become an accountant. This is excluding the time you’ll spend interning before you can independently practice accountancy. 

On the other hand, if you complete a professional accounting program that combines an undergrad and Master’s, it will only take five years to become an accountant. These two options are most common, because they allow you to meet the educational requirements to become a CPA.

For students that do not plan on becoming CPAs, a four-year Bachelor’s degree in accounting can suffice to join the field. 

2. What Qualifications Do You Need to Become An Accountant 

At the minimum, you will need a Bachelor’s degree in accounting or business and some field experience to become an accountant.

3. How Much Do Accountants Make?

Accountants make around $77,000 a year on average. However, the top 10% of accountants make upwards of $130,000.

4. How Do I Start an Accounting Career?

To start your accounting career, you will first need to obtain the necessary education. Depending on whether or not you want to become a CPA, this will take four to six years. Once you have gained the necessary training, you will have to apply it by gaining experience in the field.

5. What Is the Fastest Way to Become an Accountant?

CPAs are the most sought after accountants, so the fastest way to enter the field and become an accountant is to complete a professional, five-year accounting program that will ensure you meet the education requirements to write your CPA exam. 

You should also pursue internship or co-op experience while you’re completing your education so that you can enter the field as soon as you graduate.

6. How Can I Prepare For an Accounting Career In High School?

The best way to prepare for a career in accounting while you’re in high school is to take IB or AP classes in mathematics and economics, and participate in useful extracurriculars, like DECA, to develop your business and finance skills.

Final Thoughts

Apparently, it does take a genius to understand taxes—just not Albert Einstein. If you’re prepared to complete the extensive curriculums and potentially certifications to join this field, becoming an accountant may be the perfect career for you! 

There is significant room for growth in this company, and your opportunities will only increase as you gain more experience and expertise as an accountant!

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